Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor of the lower part of the organ — the cervix, which connects Cervical cancer / Mayo Clinic the body of the uterus with a vagina.
By prevalence, the disease occupies Cervical cancer / WHO the fourth place among female cancer diagnoses in the world and the fifth in Russia Clinical recommendations. Cervical cancer / Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation . In 2020, 600,000 new cases were identified. Usually this pathology develops Basic Information About Cervical Cancer / CDC at a relatively young age — 30-40 years.
Cervical cancer is not related Basic Information About Cervical Cancer / CDC with genes and hereditary factors. It is usually caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a common sexually transmitted microorganism. It is believed that at least half of sexually active people will become infected with it during their lifetime, but only a few women will get cervical cancer.
This virus damages Cervical cancer / Mayo Clinic DNA is a kind of instruction for a cell, in which, with the help of proteins, it is written how it needs to develop and when to die. If it mutates, it begins to grow and multiply uncontrollably. Abnormal cells accumulate and form a tumor. With a normally functioning immune system, the development of cancer will require Cervical cancer / WHO 15-20 years, with immunodeficiency — 5-10.
If mutates Cervical cancer / Mayo Clinic the cell covering the neck from the outside develops squamous cell carcinoma (this is 70% of cases Cervical cancer / Cancer Council ), and if inside the canal, then such a cancer is called adenocarcinoma (25%). Sometimes there are both types of mutations in the tumor. Extremely rarely, cervical cancer consists of other cells.
Any woman can get sick. But there are factors that increase 1. Cervical cancer / Mayo Clinic
2. Cervical cancer / NHS the likelihood of cervical cancer:
Usually, at an early stage, this disease does not cause any symptoms. Cervical cancer can be detected only by screening. To do this, a Pap smear is taken, in which the cells are scraped off with a special brush and examined in a microscope. At later stages, appears Cervical cancer / Cancer Council such signs:
People often find out about cancer after an examination. This is good, because the sooner it is detected, the better the prognosis will be. Therefore, it is important to have a regular checkup with a gynecologist, ideally once a year.
The doctor will examine Cervical cancer / Mayo Clinic vagina and cervix in mirrors. If necessary, a colposcope will be inserted into the vagina — a special tube at the end of which there is a magnifying device like a microscope. So the gynecologist will be better able to see the changes in the organ.
For it, you can "type Cervical cancer / Mayo Clinic " cells with a needle and syringe (puncture biopsy). Another option is to scrape them off the surface of the neck with a small spoon or brush. The resulting samples are colored and examined under a microscope to assess how much the cells have changed. If the results are in doubt, then you will need to cut out a larger piece for additional analysis.
These checks are needed after diagnosis to understand Clinical recommendations. Cervical cancer / Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation , how far the cancer has spread and in what condition the body is.
Depending on the type and extent of the spread of cancer, doctors recommend Cervical cancer / Mayo Clinic :
To lower the Cervical cancer / Mayo Clinic risk of cervical cancer: