About 270 thousand pedestrians die every year More than 270 000 pedestrians killed on roads each year / WHO in road accidents around the world, and the prevalence of smartphones plays an important role in this.
In a 2020 meta-analysis, scientists checked S. M. Simmons, J. K. Caird, A. Ta. Plight of the distracted pedestrian: a research synthesis and meta‑analysis of mobile phone use on crossing behaviour / BMJ Journals 33 studies on the influence of the phone on the behavior of people on the road. It turned out that when texting with someone, pedestrians look left and right less often before stepping onto the crossing, and also encounter other people and vehicles more often.
If you really need to immediately reply to a message or look at something on your smartphone, just step aside and type to your health.
Another option to continue the conversation on the go is to call. According to the same meta-analysis S. M. Simmons, J. K. Caird, A. Ta. Plight of the distracted pedestrian: a research synthesis and meta‑analysis of mobile phone use on crossing behaviour / BMJ Journals , talking on the phone is much safer than texting. At least that way you can see where you're going.
It is important to know that the side mirrors of many modern cars are specially made slightly convex. This is necessary in order to give the driver a greater overview — the so-called spherical picture.
On the one hand, such mirrors help to reduce the "blind spots". On the other hand, they reduce the reflected objects, making them visually more distant.
Looking into the spherical mirror from the passenger side, the driver may make a mistake U. J. J. Hahnel, H. Hecht. The impact of rear‑view mirror distance and curvature on judgements relevant to road safety / Ergonomics in estimating the time before the collision by as much as half a second, and this can have fatal consequences.
In order not to get into an accident, before making a maneuver, remember that the car moving from behind may actually be much closer to you than it seems.
If you are lost in winter and suffer from thirst, do not try to eat snow. This can lead to dehydration.
The snow density is V. A. Knots. Basic physical parameters of snow cover / about 200 g/l, and water — 1,000 g/l. That is, to get a glass of liquid, you will have to melt a liter of snow. You can do this in a pot over a fire. But it makes no sense to dissolve snow: for this you use your own energy, for the production of which the body spends water.
Trying to get drunk in this way, you are only wasting your strength and approaching dehydration.
Taking Heimlich is one of the most effective ways of salvation when the respiratory tract is blocked by a stuck piece of food or a small object.
In the classic version, it requires the help of another person, but in extreme cases, you can The Year of Civil Defense: Heimlich's reception. Everyone should know this / EMERCOM of Russia cope on your own. Follow these steps:
You can also use the back of a chair or the corner of a table to maneuver. Stand so that the edge of the support is at the level of the stomach, and make pushes to the spine and up.
Even if you have never experienced allergy attacks, take Pack Smart / Centers of disease control and prevention a drug with an antihistamine effect is on the journey. There is always a chance that a new environment, food, vegetation or insects will cause an unexpected reaction.
If you have already had cases of anaphylactic shock, grab Allergies and Travel / Centers of Disease Control and Prevention with a solution of adrenaline in ampoules and an automatic injector to provide quick help.
It is also worth remembering the symptoms Anaphylaxis / Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America acute allergic reaction:
If after a certain meal or insect bite there are several listed symptoms, give an injection of adrenaline and call an ambulance.
When you find yourself in an extreme situation, the main thing is to correctly prioritize and solve problems in the order of their importance. To do this, remember the "rule of three".
Man can survive C. Towell. Essential Survival Skills :
For example, if you get lost in the forest in winter, first of all you need to take care of shelter, then — about the source of water and only then think about what you will eat.
If you have only food available, refrain from it until you find water. The body uses fluid to digest food, so snacking will only bring you closer to dehydration.
If you have been stabbed with a knife or other sharp object, then do not pull out First aid for injuries / EMERCOM of Russia a foreign body from the wound. So you risk increasing bleeding.
If possible, apply a bandage that will fix the object and prevent it from shifting, and seek medical help.
You probably know situations when something bad happens to a person in a public place, for example, a heart attack, but no one rushes to his aid.
There is a socio‑psychological theory explaining L. S. Liebst, R. Philpot, W. Bernasco. Social relations and presence of others predict bystander intervention: Evidence from violent incidents captured on CCTV / Aggressive behavior this feature of people's behavior is the witness effect. According to her, a person's desire to help decreases when there are other passive observers nearby.
Perhaps this is due to the dispersion of responsibility when everyone thinks: "Why should I be the one to help?" Or because people are not sure if they need help at all and whether they will look stupid if they start providing it.
In any case, if you are in dire need of help, do not call everyone in a row. It is better to choose a specific person from the crowd and address him directly. This will increase your chances.
If you often return home through dark streets, buy a bright flashlight and always carry it in your pocket. In case of attack, direct the beam into the eyes of the attacker. This will confuse him and distract him for a few seconds, which can be spent on breaking the distance.
